SQL sqrt is an inbuilt Math Function in SQL Server. It calculates the square root of an input number in SQL Server. In this article, we will discuss the SQL sqrt Function. Also, we will discuss a few examples of using it.
Syntax
SQRT (number)
Parameters
The function expects only one input. The number for which you wish to calculate the square root is the parameter to the function. Also, negative numbers do not have a square root. Therefore, you should pass a positive number in the input.
Return Value
The function returns the square root of the input number.
Input: sqrt(25) Output: 5 Input: sqrt(0) Output: 0 Input: sqrt(-9) Output: Null Input: sqrt(5) Output: 2.2360679774998

Support
The function is supported in SQL Server (starting with 2008), Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Data Warehouse, and Parallel Data Warehouse.
Examples
Let’s discuss a few examples of using the function to find the square root of a number in SQL.
Example 1: Square Root of a Positive Number
mysql> SELECT SQRT(4); +---------+ | SQRT(4) | +---------+ | 2 | +---------+ mysql> SELECT SQRT(25); +----------+ | SQRT(25) | +----------+ | 5 | +----------+ mysql> SELECT SQRT(0.25); +------------+ | SQRT(0.25) | +------------+ | 0.5 | +------------+ mysql> SELECT SQRT(5); +------------------+ | SQRT(5) | +------------------+ | 2.23606797749979 | +------------------+
Example 2: Square Root of a Negative Number
Negative numbers do not have a Square Root. It returns Null in MySQL. However, on Microsoft SQL Server, it throws an SQLSTATE Error.
MySQL mysql> SELECT SQRT(-10); +-----------+ | SQRT(-10) | +-----------+ | NULL | +-----------+ Microsoft SQL Server Error: SQLSTATE[42000]: [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0][SQL Server]An invalid floating point operation occurred.
Example 3: Square Root of 0
When 0 is passed as a parameter, the function returns 0.
mysql> SELECT SQRT(0); +---------+ | SQRT(0) | +---------+ | 0 | +---------+
Conclusion
In this article, we discussed the SQL sqrt Function. You can read more about it on the Official Microsoft Documentation. Additionally, you can also read about SQL Math Functions on Concatly.

Vishesh is currently working as an Intermediate Software Engineer with Orion Health, New Zealand. He graduated with a Masters in Information Technology from the University of Auckland in 2021. With more than 4 years of work experience, his expertise includes Java, Python, Machine Learning, PHP, Databases, Design and Architecture.